The Shalvi/Hyman Encyclopedia of Jewish Women

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Gisela Brinker-Gabler

Gisela Brinker-Gabler holds a doctoral degree in German, philosophy and education from the University of Cologne. She has taught in the department of comparative literature at the University of Essen, the University of Cologne and the State University of New York at Binghamton. In addition to a book on German women poets from the sixteenth century to the present (fourth edition, 1991), she has edited numerous texts written by women, such as Lou Andreas-Salome, Fanny Lewald and Bertha von Suttner.

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Fanny Lewald

Fanny Lewald was a successful and respected writer in nineteenth-century Germany. She established a salon in Berlin and became tremendously productive, writing novels, essays, and articles. In her influential autobiography, she argued for the emancipation of women. Lewald believed that women’s professional work was the basis of their liberation.