The Shalvi/Hyman Encyclopedia of Jewish Women

Features thousands of biographic and thematic essays on Jewish women around the world. Learn more

Ofra Elad

Ofra Elad holds a B.A. in general history and English literature from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, an M.A. from Tel Aviv University and a Ph.D. (Tel Aviv) for a thesis on the changing ideology of the Bnei Akiva religious youth movement from 1929 to 1967.

Articles by this author

Thirteen young women stand, smiling and laughing, and pose with hands on each others' shoulders for a photo

Palmah

The Palmah was the elite fighting brigades of the underground paramilitary force Haganah, active between 1941 and Israel’s founding in 1948. Women were active in the Palmah, but were they considered equal to men?